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संयुक्त रक्षा सेवा परीक्षा (I), 2019 अंग्रेजी – Combined Defence Services Examination (I), 2019 English
Passage- II
Zimbabwe’s prolonged political crisis reached the boiling point earlier this month when President Robert Mugabe dismissed the VicePresident, Emmerson Mnangagwa. A battle to succeed the 93-year-old liberation hero-turned President had already been brewing within the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZanuPF), with the old guard backing Mr. Mnangagwa, himself a freedom fighter, and ‘Generation 40’, a grouping of younger leaders supporting Mr. Mugabe’s 52-year-old wife, Grace. Ms. Mugabe, known for her extravagant lifestyle and interfering ways, has been vocal in recent months about her political ambitions. Mr. Mugabe was seen to have endorsed her when on November 6 he dismissed Mr. Mnangagwa.
But Mr. Mugabe, who has ruled Zimbabwe since its independence in 1980, erred on two counts he underestimated the deep connections Mr. Mnangagwa has within the establishment and overestimated his own power in a system he has helped shape. In the good old days, Mr. Mugabe was able to rule with an iron grip. But those days are gone. Age and health problems have weakened his bold on power, while there is a groundswell of anger among the public over economic mismanagement. So when he turned against a man long seen by the establishment as his successor, Mr. Mugabe left little doubt that he was acting from a position of political weakness. This gave the security forces the confidence to turn against him and make it clear they didn’t want a Mugabe dynasty. The military doesn’t want to call its action a coup d’etat, for obvious reasons. A coup would attract international condemnation, even sanctions. But it is certain that the army chief, Gen. Constantino Chiwenga, is in charge. His plan, as it emerges, is to force Mr. Mugabe to resign and install a transitional government, perhaps under Mr. Mnangagwa, until elections are held.
Q 56. In the paragraph, who has been called liberation hero ?
(a) Constantino Chiwenga
(b) Emmerson Mnangagwa
(c) Robert Mugabe
(d) Army Chief
Q 57. Mrs. Mugabe is supported by
(a) Mr. Mnangagwa
(b) Mr. Mugabe
(c) Generation 40
(d) Zanu-PF
Q 58. Mr. Mugabe’s political weakness became apparent when
(a) he endorsed his wife
(b) he turned against the army
(c) he suffered from health issues
(d) he dismissed Mr. Mnangagwa
Q 59. The security forces of Zimbabwe staged a coup against the President because
(a) they wanted Mrs. Mugabe as the President
(b) they were aware of Mugabe’s failing wealth
(c) they disliked Mugabe’s extravagant lifestyle
(d) they did not want a Mugabe dynasty
Q 60. Why does the military not want to call it a coup d’etat ?
(a) Because coup is immoral
(b) Because coup is illegal
(c) Because coup would lead to international censure and sanctions
(d) Because it would make the public revolt
Passage – III
Over-eating is one of the most wonderful practices among those who think that they can afford it. In fact, authorities say that nearly all who can get as much as they desire, overeat to their disadvantage. This class of people could save a great more food than they can save by missing one meal per week and at the same time they could improve their health. A heavy meal at night, the so-called “dinner”, is the fashion with many and often is taken shortly before retiring, It is unnecessary and could be forgone, not only once a week but daily without loss of strength. From three to five hours are needed to digest food. While sleeping, this food not being required to give energy for work, is in many cases converted into excess fat, giving rise to over-weight. The evening meal should be light, taken three or four hours before retiring. This prevents over-eating, conserves energy and reduces the cost of food.
Q 61. Why should those who over-eat refrain from doing so?
(a) Because over-eating leads to loss of wealth
(b) Because over-eating is bad for health
(c) Because over-eating conserves food
(d) Because over-eating is immoral and unhealthy
Q 62. Over-eating is more prevalent among
(a) the rich (b) the poor
(c) everybody
(d) the bourgeoisie
Q 63. The writer is asking the readers
(a) to skip the heavy dinner and take light evening meal instead
(b) to stop eating anything at night
(c) to take food only during the day
(d) to eat food before the sunset
Q 64. What is the most appropriate time for having evening meal?
(a) An hour after the sunset
(b) Three or four hours before sleeping
(c) Before the sunset
(d) Just before sleeping
Q 65. According to the passage, how many times a day should we have food?
(a) Three times
(b) Two times (c) Once
(d) Has not been specified
Q 66. According to the passage, people over-eat
(a) because they can afford to
(b) because they are hungry
(c) because they have to work more
(d) because they have to conserve energy
Passage – IV
Much has been said of the common ground of religious unity. I am not going just now to venture my own theory. But if anyone here hopes that this unity will come by the triumph of any one of the religions and the destruction of the others, to him I say, “Brother, yours is an impossible hope Do I wish that the Christian would become Hindu? God forbid. Do I wish that the Hindu or Buddhist would become Christian ? God forbid. The seed is put in the ground, and earth and air and water are placed around it. Does the seed become the earth, or the air, or the water? No. It becomes a plant. It develops after the law of its own growth, assimilates the air, the earth, and the water, converts them into plant substance, and grows into a plant. Similar is the case with religion. The Christian is not to become a Hindu or a Buddhist, nor a Hindu or a Buddhist to become a Christian. But each must assimilate the spirit of the others and yet preserve his individuality and grow according to his own law of growth. If the Parliament of Religions has shown anything to the world, it is this: it has proved to the world that holiness, purity and charity are not the exclusive possessions of any church in the world, and that every system has produced men and women of the most exalted character. In the face of this evidence, if anybody dreams of the exclusive survival of his own religion and the destruction of the others, I pity him from the bottom of my heart, and point out to him that upon the banner of every religion will soon be written in spite of resistance : “Help and not fight,” “Assimilation and not Destruction,” “Harmony and Peace and not Dissension.”
Q 67. According to the author of the passage, people should
(a) change their religions
(b) follow their religions and persuade others to follow it
(c) follow their own religions and respect other religions
(d) disrespect other religions
Q 68. The Parliament of Religions is
(a) a Christian organization
(b) a Buddhist organization
(c) a Hindu organization
(a) a platform for discussion about every religion of the world
Q 69. What does the author think about those who dream about the exclusive survival of their own religions and the destruction of the others?
(a) He hates them
(b) He desires to imprison them
(c) He pities them
(d) He praises them
Q 70. According to the passage, what is “impossible hope”?
(a) One day, all the people of the world will follow only one religion
(b) One day, there will be no religion
(c) Purity and charity are the exclusive possessions
(d) Banner of every religion will soon be written
SPOTTING ERRORS
Directions
Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c).
Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any underlined part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Q71. Except for few days/(a), in a year during the monsoon/(b), the river cannot flow on its own. /(c), No error/(d)
Q72. Being apprised with our approach,/(a), the whole neighbourhood/(b), came out to meet the minister./(c) , No error. (d)
Q73. The celebrated grammarian Patanjali/(a), was/(b), a contemporary to Pushyamitra Sunga./(c), No error/(d)
Q74. His appeal for funds/(a), met/(b), a poor response./(c), No error./(d)
Q75. Buddhism teaches that/ (a), freedom from desires/(b), will lead to escape suffering./(c), No error./(d)
Q76. This hardly won liberty/ (a), was not to be/(b), lightly abandoned./(c), No error. /(d)
Q77. My friend said/(a), he never remembered/(b), having read a moreenjoyable book./(c), No error./(d)
Q78. With a population of over one billion,/(a), India is second most populous country/ (b), in the world after China./(c), No error./(d)
Q79. There are hundred of superstitions/(a), which survive/(b), in the various parts of the country./(c), No error./(d)
Q80. It is/(a), in the temperate countries of northern Europe/(b), that the beneficial effects of cold is most manifest./(c), No error./(d)
Q81. The effects of female employment/(a), on gender equality/(b), now appear to be trickling at the next generation./(c), No error./(d)
Q82. Since the 15 minutes that she drives,/(a), she confesses that she feels like/(b), a woman with wings./(c), No error./(d)
Q83. India won/(a), by an innings/(b), and three runs./(c), No error./(d)
Q84. Each one/(a), of these chairs/(b), are broken./ (c), No error. /(d)
Q85. Few creature/(a), outwit/ (b), the fox in Aesop’s Fables./(c), No error./(d)
Q86. Anywhere in the world/(a), when there is conflict/(b), women and children suffer the most./(c), No error./(d)
Q87. The man is/(a), the foundational director/(b), of this company./(c), No error./(d)
Q88. Parents of LGBT community members/(a), are coming in/(b), with a little help from NGOs./(c), No error./(d)
Answer
56 …… C
57 …… C
58 …… D
59 …… D
60 …… C
61 …… B
62 …… A
63 …… A
64 …… B
65 …… D
66 …… A
67 …… C
68 …… D
69 …… C
70 …… A
71 …… A
72 …… A
73 …… C
74 …… B
75 …… C
76 …… A
77 …… B
78 …… B
79 …… A
80 …… C
81 …… C
82 …… A
83 …… D
84 …… C
85 …… A
86 …… D
87 …… B
88 …… B
– संयुक्त रक्षा सेवा परीक्षा (I), 2019 अंग्रेज़ी – CDS Examination (I), 2019 English (89 – 120)
